Problem E
Odds of Mia
Instead, a roll is scored as follows:
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Mia ($12$ or $21$) is always highest.
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Next come doubles ($11$, $22$, and so on). Ties are broken by value, with $66$ being highest.
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All remaining rolls are sorted such that the highest number comes first, which results in a two-digit number. The value of the roll is the value of that number, e.g. $3$ and $4$ becomes $43$.
Player $1$ and $2$ each roll two dice. You are asked to compute the odds that player 1 will win given partial knowledge of both rolls.
Input
The input will contain multiple, different test cases. Each test case contains on a single line four symbols $s_0 \ s_1 \ r_0 \ r_1$ where $s_0 \ s_1$ represent the dice rolled by player $1$ and $r_0 \ r_1$ represents the dice rolled by player $2$. A ‘*’ represents that the value is not known, otherwise a digit represents the value of the dice. The input will be terminated by a line containing $4$ zeros.
Output
For each test case output the odds that player $1$ will win. If the odds are $0$ or $1$, output $0$ or $1$. Otherwise, output the odds in the form $a/b$ where $a$ and $b$ represent the nominator and denominator of a reduced fraction (i.e., in lowest terms).
Sample Output Explanation
For * * 1 2, the best player $1$ can do is tie, so his chance of winning is $0$. For 1 2 * *, player $1$ wins unless player $2$ rolls a Mia, which happens $1$ out of $18$ times. For 1 2 1 3, 3 1 2 1, and 6 6 6 6 the result is already known. For * 2 2 2, player $1$ wins only if she rolls a $1$. For * 2 * 6, player $1$ wins if he rolls a $1$. If he rolls a $2$, he wins with probability $5/6$. He loses if he rolls a $3$, $4$, or $5$. If he rolls a $6$ he wins only if player $2$ rolls a $1$. Thus, his chance of winning is $1/6 + 5/6 \cdot 1/6 + 1/6 \cdot 1/6 = 12/36 = 1/3$. When no dice are known, Player $1$ will win in $615$ of all possible $1\, 296$ outcomes. Player $2$ will lose in $615$ cases, and there are $66$ possible ties. Thus, her chance of winning is $615/1296 = 205/432$.
Sample Input 1 | Sample Output 1 |
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* * 1 2 1 2 * * 1 2 1 3 3 1 2 1 6 6 6 6 * 2 2 2 * 2 * 6 * * * * 0 0 0 0 |
0 17/18 1 0 0 1/6 1/3 205/432 |